Salesforce, a cloud-based platform, employs various exception types to handle errors in Apex code effectively. The DMLException is prevalent for issues during data manipulation operations, offering insights into failed transactions. The DMLOptimisticLockingException is a subtype, triggered when multiple processes attempt to update the same record concurrently. LimitException signals surpassing platform constraints like CPU time or SOQL query limits.
QueryException deals with problems in SOQL queries, such as syntax errors or accessing restricted objects. SecurityException and NoAccessException address issues related to insufficient permissions or unauthorized resource access. CalloutException manages errors during HTTP callouts, handling network or response problems. ApexException acts as a generic exception class, serving as the base for many others.
Developers use try-catch blocks to gracefully manage these exceptions, ensuring robust error handling and maintaining the stability of Salesforce applications. Understanding and appropriately addressing these exceptions is crucial for building reliable and resilient Apex code on the Salesforce platform.
